This part of our guide focuses on softball, the most popular variation of baseball.
Invented in 1887 by George Hancock, a Chicago journalist, the game was initially intended as a form of indoor baseball. Hancock devised the first set of rules and a smaller field to accommodate indoor play. The game's popularity quickly grew and was adapted for outdoor play by the early 1900s.
In the early days of softball, it was known as "kitten ball," "mush ball," or "diamond ball." However, the name "softball" was officially adopted in 1926.
Soon, the game became associated with women's sports and was viewed as a women's counterpart to baseball. This connection stemmed from societal and historical contexts where men predominantly played and viewed baseball. As softball spread, it was widely promoted and accepted as a sport for women, allowing them to participate in a bat-and-ball game. Educational institutions incorporated softball into women's athletic programs.
While softball is often associated with women's sports, it is enjoyed by athletes of all genders. Men's softball leagues and teams exist at various levels, from recreational leagues to competitive tournament play.
Softball shares more similarities than differences with baseball, yet its unique characteristics define the sport. Both sports involve pitching, hitting, fielding, and running bases, but some key features set them apart.
Although softball can be played on a standard baseball diamond, dedicated softball fields are typically smaller, with bases 60 feet apart and a pitcher's mound 43 feet from home plate, compared to baseball's 90-foot base paths and 60.5-foot pitching distance.
Softballs are, as you might expect, softer than baseballs, but they are not soft; they are firm but slightly more forgiving than baseballs. Baseballs are harder and denser. Softballs are larger, with a circumference of 11-12 inches and a weight of 6.25 to 7 ounces, while baseballs have a circumference of 9 inches and a weight of 5-5.25 ounces. Softballs are typically yellow for better visibility, while baseballs are usually white with red stitching. However, softballs have more prominent stitching, which can affect the grip and throw.
Softball pitchers throw underhand from a flat circle, while baseball pitchers throw overhand or sidearm from an elevated mound. Historically, baseball pitchers threw underhand in the early days of baseball, too.
Softball bats are lighter and shorter, allowing for a quicker swing suitable for larger balls and shorter distances.
Softball games are usually seven innings long, whereas baseball games are nine innings.
There are three primary forms of softball: fast-pitch, slow-pitch, and modified-pitch.
Fast-pitch softball is known for competitive gameplay, with pitches often exceeding 60 miles per hour. The game emphasizes strategy and quick reflexes, with bunting and stealing bases being common elements of the game.
Slow-pitch softball is more relaxed and recreational. Pitches are slower, and they arc, making them easier to hit. Slow-pitch softball is often played in leagues and casual games, focusing on fun and community engagement rather than intense competition.
Modified-pitch softball combines elements of fast-pitch and slow-pitch, allowing for a moderate pitching speed and a slightly higher arc than fast-pitch but lower than slow-pitch. It balances competitive and recreational play, appealing to a broader range of players.
Competitive softball, especially at the fast-pitch level, is a highly organized and prestigious sport, played at various levels, from youth leagues to international competitions.
Youth and high school leagues are the foundational stages for aspiring young athletes, providing structured environments for the development of skills and teamwork.
In the United States, collegiate softball is very popular, with the NCAA Women's College World Series drawing significant attention.
There are also professional softball leagues, such as National Pro Fastpitch (NPF), and international competitions like the Softball World Championships and the Olympic Games.
Websites focusing on softball, such as those representing softball organizations, leagues, or teams, are appropriate for this category. However, local team sites should probably be listed in the Local & Global category corresponding to the city or town where the team plays its home games.
 
 
Recommended Resources
Fastpitch America Softball Association
FASA is a national organization that organizes and promotes fastpitch softball tournaments for various age groups and skill levels. They offer events for players 8U to 18U in both Open and C-Class divisions and opportunities for teams to compete in the FASA World Series and national tournaments. The history of the organization is outlined, along with a statement as to its goals, a rule book, age calculator, league information, and member and umpire registrations.
https://www.playfasa.com/
Florida Half Century Amateur Softball Association
The FHCASA is a not-for-profit association that provides a competitive softball environment for more experienced players across Florida. The Association offers divisions for players aged 50+, 60+, 65+, and 70+. Teams, tournament locations, area champions, the FHC Hall of Fame, and a photo gallery are set forth. Team registration, roster, player pickup, team transfer, and new player registration forms are available, along with other documents, and contact data.
https://floridahalfcentury.org/en.index.htm
MLS is a well-established organization that offers a variety of adult softball leagues and tournaments. It provides year-round leagues for coed, men's, and women's teams and themed events, such as Halloween Spooktaculars and Holiday Toy Drives. Its services include program marketing, umpiring, game schedules, instant statistics, and web hosting for teams. It also has a "Free Agent" listing for individuals who want to join a team without having to create one themselves.
https://www.mlsoftball.com/
MASH Softball is a well-known organization in Savage, Minnesota. They offer a variety of programs aimed at developing softball players of all ages and skill levels. Their facilities include a 70,000-square-foot indoor space with a large field house, cutting-edge technology like Trackman, and access to sports medicine resources. MASH Softball hosts tryouts for national teams and development teams throughout the year. Its training programs, teams, and tryouts are featured on its site.
https://www.mashsoftball.com/
The national governing body for softball in Australia governs the sport in eight states and territories. It is made up of associations, clubs, and individual members who play, coach, officiate, and support softball in Australia. Softball has a long history in Australia, dating back to 1939, which is outlined here, along with its programs, events, competitions, and championships, as well as softball clubs and schools. An online shopping area features softball gear and other items.
https://www.softball.org.au/
Softball Canada is the national governing body for softball in Canada. The organization is responsible for promoting and developing the sport across the nation, organizing national championships, managing national teams, and providing resources and support for players, coaches, and officials. Its governance, policies, awards, and Hall of Fame are cited, along with an introduction to its programs and partners, manuals, guides, rulebooks, and an online shopping area.
https://softball.ca/
First published in 1996, Softball Magazine is published in both print and digital formats. The quarterly glossy magazine comes out four times a year. Dedicated to both slowpitch and fastpitch softball, the magazine offers extensive coverage of tournaments, player and coach spotlights, manufacturer interviews, and event coverage, along with its popular "Bat Wars event. The current volume and past issues are available, and subscriptions may be made online, along with a photo gallery.
http://www.softballmag.com/
Previously known as the New Zealand Softball Association, the SNZ is the governing body for softball in New Zealand. Founded in 1938, the organization oversees various regional associations and local clubs and manages national teams, tournaments, and competitions for both men and women. The New Zealand men's national softball team, nicknamed the Black Sox, has a rich history of success, winning the Men's Softball World Championship seven times. Its associations and events are highlighted.
https://www.softball.org.nz/
Sun & Fun Tri County Senior Softball League, Inc.
The League brings together senior softball enthusiasts from various communities in Central Florida. The league is designed to be inclusive, offering multiple divisions based on skill levels to ensure everyone can participate and enjoy the game. They host various tournaments and events throughout the season, promoting teamwork, sportsmanship, and community engagement. Schedules, standings, and access to various documents, such as minutes and forms, are available.
https://www.sfsoftball.net/
The U.S. Softball Academy offers specialized training camps for young softball players. They provide age-specific sessions with instruction tailored to each player's ability level. The academy is known for its low player-coach ratio, ensuring that each player receives individual attention in a small-group setting. Their programs are designed to help players improve their skills in pitching, hitting, catching, fielding, and base running, as well as situational games. Contacts are posted.
https://ussoftballacademy.com/
Formed as the Amateur Softball Association in 1933, USA Softball took its current name in 2017. USA Softball is the governing body for the United States national softball team and a member of the sport's international governing body, the World Baseball Softball Confederation. Its mission is stated on the website, which includes membership information and benefits, national teams, and the official rulebook and scorebook, umpire manual, schedules, and information on Safe Softball.
https://www.usasoftball.com/
Women's Fastpitch Softball Association
The WFSA is a national organization dedicated to providing adult women of all ages and abilities the opportunity to play fastpitch softball. Established in 2010, the WFSA offers leagues, tournaments, and a supportive community of players to enjoy the game they love. The WFSA organizes divisions based on age and experience levels, ensuring a competitive and fun environment for everyone. Its location, local leagues, registration form, tournament schedules, and World Series schedules are included.
https://womensfastpitchsoftball.com/